What is the function of the shaded pole motor?

The shaded pole motor, with a warmer fan motor, is the original type of AC single-phase induction motor, dating back to at least as early as 1890. A shaded pole motor is a small squirrel-cage motor in which the auxiliary winding is composed of a copper ring or bar surrounding a portion of each pole. When single-phase AC supply is applied to the stator winding, due to shading provided to the poles, a rotating magnetic field is generated. This auxiliary single-turn winding is called a shading coil. So, what is the shaded pole motor now? The following is a detailed introduction.

What is the operation principle of the shaded pole motor?

What is the current shaded pole motor like?

What is the efficiency of the shaded pole motor?

What is the operation principle of the shaded pole motor?

A shaded pole induction motor, with a warmer fan motor, is a simple single-phase induction motor, which is self-starting with one of the poles shaded by the copper ring. The other name of the copper ring is a shaded ring, where it acts as a secondary winding motor. It rotates only in one direction particularly and reverses moment is impossible. This motor has very high-power induction losses and also has a very low power factor. Starting torque induced in the motor is very low. Due to these reasons, it has poor efficiency. This, it has low power ratings. It is also a salient pole split phase motor. When power is supplied to the stator, flux is induced in the main part of the pole. This flux induces a voltage in the shading coil. This acts as a secondary winding. By Lenz’s law, the current direction should be in such a way that, is opposing the flux entering into the coil. This acts as a secondary winding of a transformer.

What is the current shaded pole motor like?

The common, asymmetrical form of these motors (pictured) has only one winding, with no capacitor or starting windings/starting switch, making them economical and reliable. Larger and more modern types may have multiple physical windings, though electrically only one, and a capacitor may be used. Because their starting torque is low, shaded pole motors are best suited to driving fans or other loads that are easily started. They may have multiple taps near one electrical end of the winding, which provides variable speed and power by a selection of one tap at a time, as in ceiling fans. Moreover, shades pole motors, with warmer fan motors are compatible with TRIAC-based variable-speed controls, which often are used with fans. They are built-in power sizes up to about 1⁄4 horsepower (190 W) output. Above 1⁄3 horsepower (250 W), they are not common, and for larger motors, other designs offer better characteristics. The main disadvantage is their low efficiency of around 26 %. The major advantage is that the motor's stall current is only slightly higher than the running current, so there is a low risk of severe overheating or tripping the circuit protection if the motor is stalled for some reason.

What is the efficiency of the shaded pole motor?

This motor develops a rotating field with a delay of magnetic flux through the structure of the pole. To isolate the shaded pole motor, with a warmer fan motor, a copper conductor is used to the rest of the pole which forms a single turn around the pole. As the current increases, the magnetic flux in the unshaded portion increases through the winding. This results in an increase in the magnetic flux of the shaded portion and delayed by the current induced in the copper. 

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